Contractor licensing

Maryland contractor license requirements

Maryland has no single statewide general contractor license. Residential remodeling and repair needs a Maryland Home Improvement Commission (MHIC) license, new homes need builder registration with the Attorney General, and electrical, plumbing, and HVACR work have their own boards.

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In Maryland, the license most contractors mean when they ask is the MHIC home improvement license. The Maryland Home Improvement Commission, part of the Maryland Department of Labor, licenses contractors and salespeople who alter, remodel, repair, or replace any part of a building used as a residence. To get it, the applicant must pass a 55-question exam, show two years of experience, prove financial solvency, and carry at least $500,000 in general liability insurance. Commercial general contracting has no equivalent state license, and new home construction falls under a separate registration with the Attorney General.

Maryland contractor licensing at a glance
ItemMaryland rule
Residential remodeling and repairMHIC contractor license (Maryland Department of Labor)
What MHIC coversHomes and apartment buildings of three or fewer units, and individual condo units; not common areas or buildings of four or more units
New home constructionRegistration with the Home Builder Registration Unit, Office of the Attorney General
Commercial general contractingNo state GC license; trade licenses and business licensing still apply
Exam55 questions, 2 hours, 70% to pass, given by PSI; standard fee $63
ExperienceAt least two years in home improvement, construction, or related education
Financial solvencyPersonal financial statement; surety bond or indemnitor if guidelines not met
Liability insuranceAt least $500,000 general liability (Business Regulation §8-302.1)
License fee$281.25 per place of business, plus $22.50 processing fee
Guaranty Fund assessment$100 for an original license; $175 at each two-year renewal
License termTwo years from the date of issue
License lookupMaryland Department of Labor online license search (select Home Improvement)

Who needs an MHIC license

Anyone who performs or offers to perform home improvement for a homeowner in Maryland needs an MHIC contractor license, and anyone who sells it needs a contractor or salesperson license. That includes out-of-state firms. The commission says a contractor licensed in another state still needs an MHIC license even with no Maryland office, and must also register with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation. Maryland offers no reciprocity, because every licensee must show knowledge of Maryland law.

The license covers home improvement on homes and apartment buildings with three or fewer units. It does not cover common areas of condominiums or buildings with four or more units. It also does not cover new homes: builders of new homes must register with the Home Builder Registration Unit of the Office of the Attorney General. Marine contractor services, such as piers and shore erosion control, moved to the Marine Contractors Licensing Board at the Department of the Environment, though a marine contractor doing ordinary home improvement still needs an MHIC license.

  • Salespersons: must pass the 35-question salesperson exam and have a signed notice from a licensed contractor confirming the working relationship. A salesperson can represent no more than two licensed contractors.
  • Business licensing: the MHIC says a home improvement licensee does not also need a business construction license under Title 17 of the Business Regulation Article for that work. Commercial contractors should check that Title 17 business licensing.
  • Trades: electricians, plumbers, and HVACR contractors are licensed by their own boards within the Maryland Department of Labor, separate from MHIC.

How to get an MHIC contractor license

  1. Register for the contractor exam with PSI. It has 55 questions, runs two hours by computer, needs 70% to pass, and is based on the Contractors Guide to Business, Law and Project Management (5th edition). The standard exam fee is $63. A prep course is optional.
  2. If you fail, wait 30 days to reapply, and 60 days for any later attempt. You pay the exam fee each time.
  3. After passing, apply within two years or the score expires.
  4. Document at least two years of experience in home improvement work, construction, or related education.
  5. Submit a personal financial statement. The commission looks at the individual's personal assets, not business assets. If you do not meet its solvency guidelines, you can use an indemnitor or buy a surety bond; the commission posts $30,000 and $100,000 bond forms.
  6. Provide proof of general liability insurance of at least $500,000, required by Business Regulation §8-302.1 for applicants and licensees since June 1, 2024. Some older commission pages still show $50,000; the statute controls.
  7. Corporations add articles of incorporation and a certificate of good standing from SDAT. Trade names must be cleared with the commission and registered with SDAT first.
  8. Pay the application fees: $281.25 per place of business, a $22.50 processing fee, and the $100 Guaranty Fund assessment.

The commission says processing usually takes two to three weeks once the check clears and the file is complete. Your name appears in the public license search the day after approval, and the paper license arrives within about 10 days. The license runs two years. Renewal is $281.25 per place of business plus a $175 Guaranty Fund assessment, and your liability insurance must stay in force the whole time, with 10 days' notice to the commission before any cancellation.

The MHIC Guaranty Fund and what it means for you

Licensed contractors fund the Guaranty Fund, which pays homeowners for actual losses from poor workmanship or failure to perform. By statute, the fund can pay no more than $30,000 to one claimant for one contractor, and no more than $250,000 total for one contractor unless the contractor reimburses the fund. The fund only covers work by licensed contractors, which is a selling point when you are bidding against an unlicensed crew. It also explains why the commission checks your personal finances: a paid claim comes back to you.

How to look up a Maryland contractor license

Use the Maryland Department of Labor's online license search and choose Home Improvement to check a contractor or salesperson by name or license number. The department's search also finds people licensed by its other boards. Check subs before the subcontract is signed, and keep their insurance on file; a subcontractor COI tracking template is a simple start, and what a subcontractor COI should include explains what to look for.

Licensing protects your right to get paid, too. Read the Maryland mechanics lien rules and Maryland prompt payment and retainage rules before your first large job. Smart Business Automator tracks license numbers, insurance expirations, and lien deadlines per job and per sub through subcontractor compliance automation.

Frequently asked questions

Does Maryland have a general contractor license?

Not a single statewide one. Residential home improvement requires an MHIC license, new home builders register with the Attorney General's Home Builder Registration Unit, and electrical, plumbing, and HVACR work are licensed by separate boards. Commercial GCs do not hold an MHIC-type state license.

How much insurance does an MHIC contractor need?

At least $500,000 in general liability insurance under Business Regulation §8-302.1, which took effect June 1, 2024. The policy must stay in force for the life of the license.

How much does an MHIC license cost?

The regulation sets a $281.25 contractor license fee per place of business and a $22.50 processing fee, plus a $100 Guaranty Fund assessment for an original license. The PSI exam fee is $63.

Does Maryland accept contractor licenses from other states?

No. The MHIC does not offer reciprocity. Out-of-state contractors must pass the Maryland exam, get an MHIC license, and register with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation.

How do I check a Maryland home improvement license?

Search the Maryland Department of Labor's online license database and select Home Improvement. New licensees appear the day after approval.

Sources

  1. Maryland Department of Labor: Maryland Home Improvement Commission
  2. MHIC: License Categories and Requirements
  3. MHIC: Taking the Exam
  4. MHIC: Licensing FAQs for Applicants
  5. MHIC: Apply for an Original License
  6. COMAR 09.08.07.02: MHIC Schedule of Fees
  7. Maryland Code, Business Regulation §8-302.1 (liability insurance)
  8. Maryland Code, Business Regulation §8-405 (Guaranty Fund limits)
  9. Maryland Department of Labor: Home Improvement license search

Laws and rates change. Confirm current requirements with the state agency before you bid, file, or pay. This page is general information, not legal advice.

Written and edited by

Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.

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