Pricing and estimating

How to price roofing jobs

Price a roof by the square: measure the area, add waste, cost out materials and labor for that pitch and tear-off, add disposal and permits, then load overhead and profit so the final number covers the whole company.

A project engineer in a hardhat and safety vest uses a rugged tablet beside steel wall framing.
Capture field information where the work happens, then route it to the people who need it. AI-generated illustration.

To price a roofing job, measure the roof in squares (one square is 100 square feet), add a waste allowance for cuts, hips, and valleys, multiply by your material cost per square, add labor based on pitch, stories, and the number of layers coming off, then add disposal, permits, and accessories such as flashing, vents, and drip edge. That gives direct cost. Divide by one minus your target gross margin to get the sell price. A per-square price that skips overhead or pitch is the most common reason roofers stay busy and still lose money.

Pricing methods roofers use

  • Price per square. The standard for shingle, metal, and tile replacement. Works when your cost per square is built from real numbers and adjusted for pitch and complexity.
  • Line-item estimate. Each component priced separately: shingles, underlayment, ice and water shield, starter, ridge cap, vents, flashing, decking, labor, disposal. Insurance work usually follows this format because adjusters price it line by line.
  • Flat price for repairs. Small leak repairs and boot replacements priced as a fixed service with a minimum charge that covers the trip and setup.
  • Time and materials. Useful for unknown-scope repairs and decking replacement. See time and materials.
  • Unit prices for add-ons. Rotted decking per sheet, extra layers per square, and chimney flashing per unit. Put these in the contract so surprises become priced change orders, not arguments.

Step by step: building the number

  1. Measure. Get total roof area from a measurement report or a field takeoff, plus lengths of ridge, hip, valley, eave, and rake. These drive accessory quantities.
  2. Add waste. Simple gable roofs need less waste than cut-up roofs with many hips and valleys. Set your own waste percentages by roof type from what you actually return or throw away, and check product packaging for coverage per bundle.
  3. Price materials. Use your current supplier price, not last quarter's. Shingle prices move; see how to handle material price escalation in bids.
  4. Price labor. Labor per square goes up with pitch, height, and layers. A steep two-story roof can take far more crew hours per square than a walkable ranch. Track crew hours by roof type so this number comes from your data.
  5. Add job costs. Dumpster or haul-off, permit, delivery, fall protection setup, and any equipment rental.
  6. Add overhead. Office, sales commissions, insurance, trucks, software, and your own salary. Spread it as a percentage of direct cost or per labor hour. See how to calculate construction overhead rate.
  7. Set profit. Decide on margin, not markup, and know the difference: markup vs margin in construction.

Worked example: a 28-square replacement

This is a made-up example to show the math. The numbers are placeholders, not market prices; plug in your own supplier quotes and crew costs.

Say a homeowner has a 2,800 square foot roof (28 squares) at a moderate pitch with one layer to tear off. The roof has two valleys and a few hips, so you use a 12 percent waste factor for this roof type. Material quantity is 28 times 1.12, or about 31.4 squares; round up to 32.

Example estimate (illustrative numbers only)
LineQuantityUnit costTotal
Shingles, underlayment, starter, ridge32 squares$150 per square$4,800
Ice and water shield, drip edge, vents, flashingLot$900$900
Labor: tear-off and install28 squares$110 per square$3,080
Dumpster and disposal1$550$550
Permit and fall protection setup1$350$350
Direct cost$9,680
Overhead at 18% of direct cost$1,742
Cost including overhead$11,422
Sell price at 15% net margin ($11,422 / 0.85)$13,438

That works out to about $480 per installed square on this roof. On a steeper, cut-up roof with two layers, labor and waste go up and so does the price per square. If you had used one flat price per square for every roof, this job might be fine and the next steep one would lose money.

Overhead, labor burden, and markup

The labor line in your estimate must be the burdened cost, not the wage. Payroll taxes, workers' compensation (high for roofing), and benefits all ride on top of the hourly rate. For a reference point, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported a median roofer wage of $26.65 per hour in May 2025; your local wage and burden will differ. Work out your own with how to calculate labor burden.

Overhead is everything that keeps the company open whether or not a roof goes on this week. If you sell 200 roofs a year and overhead is $360,000, each roof has to carry about $1,800 of it on average. If volume drops to 150 roofs, that becomes $2,400 per roof. Review the overhead rate every quarter.

Pricing repairs and small jobs

Repairs break the per-square model. A pipe boot swap might take a crew lead 45 minutes on the roof, but the truck, the drive, the ladder setup, and the paperwork cost the same as a half-day job. Set a minimum service charge that covers one trip, setup, and the office time to schedule and invoice it, then price the repair on top. Many roofers keep a short menu of flat repair prices (boot, vent, a few shingles, flashing reseal) and switch to time and materials when the scope is unknown. For more, see how to price small construction jobs profitably.

Insurance claims and supplements

On insurance work, the adjuster's estimate is a starting point, not your price. Price the job your way first, then compare line by line. Missing items such as drip edge, starter strip, code-required underlayment, or steep and high charges are what supplements are for. Document every line with photos and measurements, and keep the claim number, adjuster contact, and every revised estimate on the job record.

Keep pricing honest with job costing

After every roof, compare estimated squares, crew hours, dumpsters, and material returns against the estimate. If labor per square on steep roofs keeps coming in 20 percent over, raise the steep labor rate. Smart Business Automator tracks estimated versus actual cost on each job, so this check happens without a separate spreadsheet. More on the habit in job costing and the roofing software guide.

Frequently asked questions

What is a square in roofing?

A square is 100 square feet of roof area. A 2,500 square foot roof is 25 squares before waste.

How much waste should I add to a roofing estimate?

It depends on roof shape. Simple gable roofs need less, roofs with many hips and valleys need more. Track your actual returns and leftovers by roof type and set your own percentages.

Should roofing labor be priced per square or per hour?

Most roofers quote labor per square adjusted for pitch, height, and layers, but they build that per-square rate from tracked crew hours. Hourly pricing is more common for repairs.

How do I price rotten decking I cannot see?

Put a unit price per sheet of decking in the contract and bill what you replace. That turns a hidden condition into a priced change instead of a dispute.

Is markup the same as margin?

No. A 20 percent markup on cost gives about a 16.7 percent margin on the sell price. Decide which one you are targeting and do the math the same way on every estimate.

Sources

  1. Bureau of Labor Statistics: Roofers, Occupational Outlook Handbook
Written and edited by

Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.

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