WH-347 is the U.S. Department of Labor form contractors can use to submit weekly certified payroll on federal and federally assisted construction jobs covered by the Davis-Bacon and Related Acts.
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Form WH-347 is the Department of Labor's standard certified payroll form. The form itself is optional: DOL describes it as available for the convenience of contractors and subcontractors, and a contractor can use its own format as long as it contains the same information. The weekly payroll submission is not optional. On jobs covered by the Davis-Bacon Act and related acts, every covered contractor and subcontractor must submit payroll information each week.
DOL's form page lists the OMB control number as 1235-0008. Download the current version from DOL rather than reusing an old saved copy.
What the form covers
WH-347 at a glance
Part
What goes in it
Page 1, header
Project, contract, and contractor or subcontractor details
Page 1, worker lines
Identifying number, journeyworker or apprentice status, labor classification, daily and total hours, rates, fringe credits, cash in lieu of fringes, gross pay, deductions, net pay
Page 2
Statement of Compliance, apprenticeship program details, fringe benefit credit details, remarks, and the certifying official's signature
The Statement of Compliance is the part that carries legal weight. The signer certifies that the payroll is correct and complete and that each worker was paid at least the required prevailing wage and fringe benefits. DOL notes that false statements are subject to penalties under 18 U.S.C. 1001. Electronic signatures are accepted, but DOL says photocopied or scanned signatures are not.
How it works week to week
Say an electrical sub has six workers on a federally funded wastewater plant upgrade. Each Monday, the payroll clerk pulls the prior week's hours by day and by classification from the timesheets. Two of the workers spent time as both electrician and laborer, so their hours are split by classification on separate lines. The clerk checks each rate against the wage determination in the contract, applies the fringe credit for the company's health plan, completes page 2, and has the owner sign it. The PDF goes to the GC, who reviews it and forwards it with its own payroll to the agency.
If a week has no work, many agencies still expect a "no work performed" payroll for that week so the numbering stays continuous. Ask the contracting agency how it wants those handled.
Common WH-347 mistakes
Using a classification that is not on the wage determination for that job.
Taking fringe credit without enough detail on page 2 to support it. See fringe benefit credit.
Apprentices listed without registration details or above the allowed ratio. See apprentice ratio.
Late or missing weeks, which can hold up the GC's payment.
Scanned signatures on the Statement of Compliance.
The form is optional, but the weekly certified payroll is required on Davis-Bacon covered jobs. You can use your own format if it contains all the same information and the Statement of Compliance wording.
How often is WH-347 submitted?+
Weekly, for each week covered work is performed, according to DOL's form page and the contract clauses.
Who signs the WH-347?+
An authorized official of the contractor or subcontractor who pays or supervises the payment of the workers signs the Statement of Compliance.
Do state prevailing wage jobs use WH-347?+
Some states accept it, and some require their own form or online system. Check your state's labor agency before the first payroll.
Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.
Related listening · Scaling Legends
Construction Market Intelligence: March 29 - Bonus Depreciation Permanently Restored to 100% as Modular Construction Market Hits $292 Billion and Apprenticeship Enrollment Surges 28%
Weekend intelligence briefing. Bonus depreciation permanently restored to 100% for equipment and vehicles. Modular construction market hits $292 billion globally. Apprenticeship enrollment surges 28% with IRA 5x multiplier for prevailing wage compliance. Weekly trend recap and Q2 outlook.
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Published transcript from Scaling Legends. It may contain transcription errors. View the source transcript.
Bonus depreciation just got permanently restored to 100%. If you buy equipment in 2026, you can deduct the full cost in year one. And the modular construction market just crossed $292 billion, heading straight for $413 billion. Plus, construction apprenticeship enrollment has surged 28 % in just five years. This is Construction Market Intelligence for March 29th. I'm your host, Justine. And I'm your resident industry expert, Nicole. Welcome to Scaling Legends. We've got some massive Sunday energy today because, honestly, we're looking at a fundamental rewiring of the financial landscape. Like, the ripple effects are going to hit your balance sheets. by Monday morning. Oh, absolutely. Our whole mission for this deep dive is to give you, the listener, a real strategic edge. We've been crunching the data source from
Smart Business Automator to just, you know, cut through all the noise out there. Yeah, think of this deep dive as your ultimate pre -construction checklist for your business strategy. We want to make sure you have the financial, technological, and labor insights to actually scale. Right. And we've got a really packed journey today. We're starting with that immediate tax relief, then moving into the massive modular boom. Which is huge. Oh, it's huge. And then diving into the labor pipeline, confronting some harsh realities about cash flow, and finally wrapping up with critical upcoming project deadlines. Perfect. So let's jump right into the financial fuel here, this seismic tax news. Normally, tax depreciation is like a slow drip IV bag, right? You buy a million dollar crane and the government gives you this tiny incremental drip of tax relief
over like five to seven years. Yeah, it's painful. It is. You have to plan around that slow drip. But as of this morning, it's like someone just squeezed the entire IV bag into the patient's arm all at once. The OBBB legislation just permanently restored 100 % bonus depreciation. And to really grasp the shockwave this ascending through the sector, you have to look at the cliff we were standing on. I mean, this tax break was actively phasing down. Right. It dropped to 80 % in 2023. Exactly. 80 % in 2023. Then it hit 60 % in 2024, fell to 40 % in 2025. And it was literally slated to choke down to just 20 % this year. Wow. And zero by 2027. Yes, absolutely zero by 2027. We were staring down the barrel of full price capital
expenditures. But now. That phase down is entirely dead. That's just wild. Imagine waking up today buying a $2 million fleet of excavators and wiping $2 million off your taxable income for the year by midnight. It's a total game changer. And, you know, it isn't just the bonus depreciation that got a lifeline. The Section 179 deduction limit was just double. Doubled. To what? You can now deduct up to $2 .56 million up front. Right. And the phase -out threshold, the ceiling where that deduction starts to shrink, that's been pushed all the way up to $5 .12 million. Okay, so that's huge for mid -sized firms. And they layered in two more massive provisions. First, immediate expensing for research and development is fully restored with a retroactive option back through July 4, 2026. Oh, wow. Retroactive, too. Yeah. And second... There's a brand new acronym
you need to know, the QPP, or Qualified Property Provision. It's a targeted deduction specifically for manufacturing facilities. Right. So you can immediately write off specialized infrastructure inside a factory. Things like heavy climate control systems or robotic welding stations. Exactly. So the immediate takeaway here is just to buy equipment now. Every single dollar you spend on qualifying assets is deductible in year one. But wait, I want to push back on this a little bit. With the phase down reversed, is there a real risk of midsize contractors suddenly over -leveraging themselves? Like, does financing a new fleet just for the year one tax break actually make sense if your project pipeline isn't guaranteed? That is such a good point. And honestly, that's
the exact trap that bankrupts eager contractors. A tax deduction is only valuable if you have the revenue to offset it and the cash flow to support the physical purchase. Right. Because if you finance a million dollars worth of yellow iron and it just sits in your yard, that tax deduction does not save you from those monthly payments. Exactly. The math has to tie directly to asset utilization. If your utilization rate on that new excavator drops below, say, 65%, the interest payments and maintenance will completely cannibalize the cash you saved on taxes. Which is exactly why relying on gut feelings for capital expenditures is a total recipe for disaster. You really need to model these scenarios out. You absolutely do. You need the data to back up every single purchase. And that's where smart business automators, financial planning tools
come in. They specifically track this kind of tax optimization for equipment purchases. So you can see if buying that asset actually makes sense for your contracted project load. Right. The companies that win here will be the ones running a strict cost benefit analysis on every single machine. OK, so assuming you have the tax incentive and the backlog and the models all line up, where is the smart money actually deploying? that equipment? Because the data tells us it's increasingly not on the dirt at traditional job sites. No, it's not. Capital is heavily flooding into offsite modular manufacturing. I mean, the global modular market just hit $292 billion for 2026. That is a staggering number. And it's projected to reach $413 billion by 2031, which is a 7 .16%.
compound annual growth rate. Yeah, and the search analytics really confirm that shift. We're seeing a sustained 107 % upward reversal for modular construction on Google Trends. It's an emerging multi -source confirmed trend. It really is. And the heavy hitters are already carving up the market share. We're talking about companies like Clayton Holmes, Skyline Champion, ATCO, Lang O 'Rourke, and Sikisui House. But the most revealing data point is where this growth is actually concentrated. Data center modules alone account for $61 billion in active deals. Well, when you think about the AI boom, it makes perfect sense. Tech companies are in a global arms race for compute power, and they simply cannot wait for a traditional multi -year stick -built timeline. Right. They need these server farms operational
yesterday. Exactly. So they're buying them in prefabricated, pre -cooled modules. And healthcare pods like fully finished hospital rooms and residential builds are the other massive growth engines here. So what's driving this sudden acceleration in M &A in this specific space? Like, why are investors suddenly so hungry for modular? Because investors view modular as the definitive solution to the industry's twin demons, which are severe labor shortages and relentless cost escalation. Moving construction into a controlled factory changes the entire risk profile. Because you eliminate weather delays entirely. You eliminate weather delays. You drastically reduce material waste because software optimizes the cuts. And most importantly, you standardize the labor process. Workers go to the same station every single day.
Right. But it's not a perfect utopia, right? Let's talk about the friction points. Because transporting these massive modules down federal highways adds, what, 5 to 15 percent to the total project cost? Yeah, transport is a huge added cost. And then there's the banking sector. Banks are incredibly hesitant right now. They are currently offering 5 to 10 percent lower loan -to -cost ratios for modular compared to stick -built projects. Which is so ironic to me. If modular is the silver bullet for reducing project risk, you know, locking in material costs and weatherproofing timelines. Why are banks treating it like a bigger risk? Is it literally just because the asset isn't sitting on the final dirt yet? That is exactly it. Traditional construction lending is entirely predicated on inspecting work in place on the actual real estate. The bank sends an inspector
to the dirt, verifies a foundation, and releases the funds. So you're asking a bank to finance... Millions of dollars of work happening in a factory three states away. Exactly. On a physical asset that could theoretically be sold to someone else before it's ever bolted to your foundation. So the major players have to rely on institutional capital backing and specialized surety bonds. Until the financial sector adopts, developers just have to bring more of their own cash to the table. Which, by the way, if you're trying to navigate this, Smart Business Automator actually tracks these modular construction companies and specific project opportunities. It's a really phenomenal way to monitor where that capital is flowing, despite all the banking friction. Totally. Now, even with modular offsetting some on -site labor, the industry is still actively trying to fill over 500 ,000 open jobs. We have
to talk about the pipeline of human capital. We do. And the labor data is actually surprisingly optimistic. Construction apprentices reached 480 ,399 in 2025. That's a 28 % surge over just five years. Wow, 28%. Yeah, and nationally, there are 680 ,000 total active apprentices. We're looking at 114 % increase since 2014. You can see it in the search data too. The keyword construction hiring is up 125 % on Google Trends. A lot of this comes down to earning potential, right? Oh, definitely. Entry level starts around $35 ,000, but journey level professionals are hitting $65 ,000 to over $105 ,000, depending on the trade. Right. But the organic interest isn't the only thing driving this. There's an unprecedented wave of federal incentives. The Department of
Labor registered apprenticeship is now the undisputed gold standard. Absolutely. The biggest lever is the Inflation Reduction Act, the IRA. It offers a 5x prevailing wage multiplier just for using registered apprentices. I view that 5x multiplier like finding a hidden cheat code in a video game for contractors bidding on federal work. It really is. Plus, there was $145 million in specific DOL grants available to help companies establish these programs. And state programs are aggressively funding the trades, too. Louisiana has a tax credit, Texas just deployed a $6 million grant, and New Jersey put up $1 .5 million. Exactly. And with both ABC, the merit shops, and union apprenticeships growing simultaneously, we're really seeing a cultural shift. Do you think
the cultural stigma around the trades is finally dying out? I do. The underlying economics demand it. You have 22 -year -olds making $85 ,000 a year with zero student debt, buying houses while their peers are graduating with massive debt for entry -level corporate salaries. The stigma just can't survive that math. So you've got the tax breaks, you're innovating with modular, and you've got a surging workforce. But if you don't manage the money flowing between these pillars, your business will flatline. Cash flow is the silent killer here. A recent U .S. bank study showed that 82 % of construction business failures are caused by cash flow problems. 82 %! That is terrifying. And right now, 74 % of companies report they are actively fighting cash flow challenges. But why is it uniquely terrible in construction?
The data points directly to payment terms. General contractors wait an average of 83 days for payment. That's nearly three months. On day one, you pay your labor. Day 30, suppliers demand payment. You are bleeding cash for two entire months before a client even considers cutting you a check on day 83. You're basically acting as an interest -free bank for your client. How do mid -sized contractors even survive that gap without completely over -leveraging themselves? They often get forced into factoring receivables or taking high -interest bridge loans, which just completely cannibalizes their margins. And that assumes billing is accurate. Right. Overbilling versus underbilling can cause a massive $400 ,000 to $500 ,000 cash swing on just a $5 million. The gold standard solution is maintaining a rigorous 13 -week cash flow
forecast. You have to map out exactly what cash is leaving and arriving every single week. Yet most contractors simply do not do it because it's administratively exhausting. Surviving that 83 -day gap means having total visibility into your cash and your project deadlines. Which brings us to the radar for the next six months. We have some critical updates and ticking clocks. Let's hear them. we covered the suspension on friday but as of today that 2 .9 billion dollar walsh vinci transit project is active again. That's massive news for the Chicago market. And on the East Coast, the Gateway Tunnel has an April 16th court date. That's just 18 days away. Then, for energy and infrastructure, the DOE SPARC program has its $1 .9 billion funding applications due
May 20th, which is 52 days out. Right, followed by the AGC -CMMC Demer Day on May 21st, and then the massive systemic deadline hits. Yes, the IGA expires on September 30th, exactly six months from today. So the window for easy federal infrastructure money is closing rapidly. Federal agencies will be scrambling to allocate all remaining funds, creating intense urgency around applications like DOE Spark. Plus, looking further out, CMMC Phase 2 hits in November 2026. If you touch federal data, your IT infrastructure has to be certified. And don't forget the work zone safety compliance deadline dropping December 31st of this year. Managing all these specs and cyber requirements is a full -time job. Exactly. Which is why keeping track of compliance deadlines, spec checking,
and schedule risk detection is exactly what the AI Project Assistant inside Smart Business Automator is built for. It acts as an automated assistant that tracks those deadlines without you having to manually update spreadsheets every Sunday night. Yeah. It automates the defense so you can play offense. All right, before we wrap this deep dive up, I want to leave you with a final unmentioned scenario to really ponder. Oh, I like this one. Consider this timeline, what happens when the newly restored 100 % bonus depreciation collides head -on with the $292 billion modular boom. That is a fascinating collision of incentives. Could we see traditional general contractors who are completely exhausted by 83 -day payment delays suddenly using their year one tax deductions to just buy up modular manufacturing facilities? Wow. Could they vertically integrate their entire
supply chain utilizing the QPP deduction for factory tech and capturing that IRA 5X apprentice multiplier in their own controlled environment? Exactly. That would completely rewrite the traditional general contracting business model. You'd go from managing chaotic subs on a muddy site to being a precision manufacturer. The math is definitely pointing toward vertical integration. It is a very real operational possibility given the massive financial incentives right now. It's something to think about. All right, if you know a contractor who is dealing with 83 -day payment delays or trying to figure out how to bid with apprentices to get that 5x multiplier cheat code, Send them this deep dive right now. Just text them the link. And hit follow on whatever app you're listening on so you don't miss tomorrow's Intel. Visit smartbusinessautomator .com to see how to scale
without drowning in admin work. Have a great week.
