Pricing and estimating

How to price demolition jobs

Price demolition from three numbers: crew and machine days, debris volume or tonnage and what it costs to dispose of, and the site costs like permits, protection, and dust control. Add overhead and margin, subtract salvage only when it is certain, and keep hidden conditions out of the lump sum.

A project engineer in a hardhat and safety vest uses a rugged tablet beside steel wall framing.
Capture field information where the work happens, then route it to the people who need it. AI-generated illustration.

To price a demolition job, walk the site, list what comes out, and estimate three things: the labor and equipment time to remove it, the volume or weight of debris and the cost to haul and dump it, and the job costs around the work (permits, protection, dust and noise control, surveys). Add overhead and profit as a margin. Credit scrap metal or salvage only when you are confident in the value. Then write exclusions for asbestos, hidden tanks, and anything you cannot see, and price those as change orders if they appear.

Ways demolition is priced

  • Lump sum from a detailed estimate. The standard for most jobs. Build it from crew days, machine days, and disposal, then quote one number with clear exclusions.
  • Per square foot. Common for interior strip-outs and slab removal. Useful as a check, risky as the only method, because a square foot price hides how much debris and how many layers are in the space. See unit cost.
  • Per load or per container. Some residential cleanouts and small jobs are priced by the dumpster.
  • Time and materials. For selective demolition with unknowns, emergency removal, and change work. Agree rates first; see time and materials.

Estimating debris

Disposal is where demo bids go wrong most often. Measure what comes out by material: drywall, ceiling grid and tile, flooring, framing, concrete, masonry, metal, and fixtures. Convert to volume in place, then apply a bulking factor from your own history, because broken debris takes more space than it did in the wall. Divide by your container size to get the number of pulls. Check your hauler's and landfill's terms: many price by the container with a weight allowance and charge for overweight loads, and heavy materials like concrete and plaster fill a container's weight limit long before its volume. Separating clean concrete and metal can cut disposal cost where recyclers accept them for less.

Worked example: a 3,000 square foot office strip-out

This is an illustration with made-up costs. Use your own rates and quotes. Say a GC hires you to take a 3,000 square foot office suite back to shell: remove partitions, doors, ceiling grid and tile, carpet, cabinets, and non-structural electrical and data per the drawings. The owner's asbestos survey came back clear for these materials. Work happens in an occupied building, so dust control and protection of the corridor are required.

  1. Labor. A four-person crew for five days: 4 x 5 x 8 = 160 hours at an example burdened rate of $42 = $6,720.
  2. Disposal. Your takeoff and history put debris at about 90 cubic yards after bulking. Three 30-yard roll-off pulls at an example $575 each, including disposal within the weight allowance = $1,725.
  3. Equipment. Compact skid steer for three days at an example $300 per day = $900.
  4. Dust control and protection. Poly, zipper doors, HEPA vacuums and filters, corridor protection = $450.
  5. Permit. $300 in this example; confirm with the building department.
  6. Scrap credit. Metal studs and ductwork kept separate for an example credit of $200, subtracted.
  7. Direct cost. $6,720 + $1,725 + $900 + $450 + $300 minus $200 = $9,895.
  8. Overhead. At an example 15 percent of direct cost, add $1,484.25. Cost with overhead: $11,379.25.
  9. Profit as margin. For a 15 percent margin, divide by 0.85: $13,387.35. Quote $13,390.
  10. Check. $13,390 / 3,000 = about $4.46 per square foot. Compare to your past strip-outs of similar density.
Example strip-out estimate summary (illustration only)
LineAmount
Labor (160 hours burdened)$6,720.00
Disposal (3 roll-off pulls)$1,725.00
Equipment$900.00
Dust control and protection$450.00
Permit$300.00
Scrap creditminus $200.00
Overhead at 15 percent$1,484.25
Profit at 15 percent margin$2,008.10
Price (rounded)$13,390.00

Now change one thing: the space has a plaster ceiling over the grid that nobody noticed. That adds weight, maybe two more pulls, overweight charges, and a day or two of labor. If the proposal says what is included and excludes concealed conditions, that becomes a change order. If it does not, it comes out of the $2,008 profit.

Equipment, overhead, and markup

Machines you own still cost money every hour: payments, insurance, maintenance, fuel, and transport. Set an internal hourly or daily rate for each one and charge it to jobs, just as you would a rental. The guide on how to price equipment costs into a construction job walks through the math, and when to buy vs rent construction equipment helps decide what to own.

Overhead is the cost of running the company that no single job carries: the yard, office, insurance not charged to jobs, idle equipment time, estimating, and site walks for bids you lose. Find your rate in how to calculate construction overhead rate. Add profit as margin: a 15 percent markup on $11,379.25 is $13,086.14, which is only a 13 percent margin. See markup vs margin in construction.

Items to price or exclude

Demolition line items and how to handle them
ItemPrice it asNote
Asbestos abatementExclude or carry as a sub's quoteBase it on the owner's inspection report
Utility disconnectsExclude or allowanceUsually by owner or utility; confirm in writing
Hidden tanks, vaults, buried foundationsExclude; T&M or unit price change orderState it plainly in the proposal
Slab and footing removalPer square foot or cubic yardThickness and rebar drive time and weight
Night or weekend workPremium labor rateCommon in occupied buildings
Shoring or temporary protectionLump sum or engineered quoteNeeded for partial demolition
Salvage for the ownerLabor to remove carefully, plus storageSlower than demolition

Mistakes that sink demolition bids

  1. Pricing by the square foot without estimating debris weight and volume.
  2. Counting on scrap prices that drop before the job starts.
  3. Not charging your own equipment to the job because it is paid off.
  4. Vague exclusions, so every hidden condition becomes an argument instead of a change order.
  5. Ignoring access: elevator-only removal from a fifth floor costs far more than a ground floor with a roll-up door.
  6. Never comparing estimated pulls and hours to actuals with job costing.

Use the construction estimate template to lay out labor, equipment, and disposal lines, and the construction invoice template to bill. For tools that track disposal and equipment against the estimate, see demolition software. Smart Business Automator carries estimate lines into the job budget and tracks change orders, so hidden-condition work gets priced and billed instead of absorbed.

Frequently asked questions

How do you estimate demolition debris?

Measure each material that comes out, convert to volume, apply a bulking factor from your own past jobs, and divide by container size. Check weight limits too, since heavy materials like concrete and plaster hit weight caps before volume.

Should demolition be priced per square foot?

Use square foot pricing as a check against past jobs. Build the actual price from labor, equipment, and disposal, because two spaces with the same area can hold very different amounts of debris.

Should I include scrap metal credits in my price?

Only if you are confident in the quantity and the price you will get. Scrap prices move, so many contractors leave the credit out or use a conservative number.

How do I handle hidden conditions in a demolition bid?

List what is included, exclude concealed conditions such as tanks, buried foundations, and unidentified hazardous materials, and state your rates for extra work. Get a signed change order before proceeding.

What overhead rate should a demolition company use?

Your own, calculated from last year's overhead divided by direct costs. Equipment-heavy companies often find idle machine time is a large part of it.

Sources

  1. Smart Business Automator: pricing
Written and edited by

Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.

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