Pricing and estimating

How to price landscaping jobs

Price landscape maintenance from the crew time each visit takes, including drive time, and price installs from a material takeoff plus labor by production rate. Add overhead and profit as a margin on both.

A project engineer in a hardhat and safety vest uses a rugged tablet beside steel wall framing.
Capture field information where the work happens, then route it to the people who need it. AI-generated illustration.

To price landscaping jobs, start from time, not square footage. For maintenance, figure the crew minutes on site plus a share of drive time, multiply by your burdened labor and equipment cost per hour, then add overhead and profit to get a per-visit price. For installs, take off materials by square foot, linear foot, and cubic yard, estimate labor hours from your production rates, add equipment, disposal, overhead, and profit. Check the result as a unit price against your past jobs.

Pricing methods landscapers use

  • Per visit. A set price each time the crew mows, trims, and blows. Common for residential maintenance.
  • Monthly or seasonal contract. The season's visits are totaled and spread over equal monthly payments. Smooths cash flow for you and the client.
  • Hourly or time and materials. For cleanups, storm work, and anything where the scope is unclear. Rates per man-hour plus materials at a markup. See time and materials contracts.
  • Unit pricing. Per square foot for sod or pavers, per face foot for walls, per cubic yard installed for mulch or rock, per plant by container size. Built from a detailed estimate and reused.
  • Lump sum for installs. A fixed price for the whole project built from a takeoff. The standard for patios, walls, and landscape renovations.

The cost pieces behind every price

  • Burdened labor. Wages plus payroll taxes, workers' comp, and any benefits, per hour. See how to calculate labor burden.
  • Equipment cost per hour. Mower, trimmer, truck, and trailer ownership, fuel, and maintenance divided by the hours they run in a season.
  • Materials. Mulch, stone, pavers, plants, sod, irrigation parts, delivered.
  • Overhead. Office, insurance not charged to jobs, yard rent, software, phones, and your time selling. Express it as a percentage of direct cost; the overhead rate guide shows the math.
  • Profit. Add it as a margin, not a markup, so the percentage you target is the percentage you keep.

Worked example 1: weekly residential maintenance

All numbers here are made up for illustration. Say a two-person crew spends 25 minutes mowing, trimming, and blowing a quarter-acre lot, plus an allocated 10 minutes of drive time from the previous stop. Burdened labor is an example $30 per person-hour, and the mowing rig costs an example $15 per crew-hour to own and run.

  1. Crew time: 35 minutes = 0.583 hours. Person-hours: 0.583 x 2 = 1.167.
  2. Labor: 1.167 x $30 = $35.00.
  3. Equipment: 0.583 x $15 = $8.75.
  4. Direct cost: $43.75.
  5. Overhead at an example 20 percent of direct cost: $8.75. Total cost: $52.50.
  6. Profit at a 15 percent margin: $52.50 / 0.85 = $61.76. Quote $62 per visit.
  7. As a contract: 30 visits x $62 = $1,860, billed as 8 monthly payments of $232.50.

Notice that drive time is about 30 percent of the crew time in this example. That is why route density matters so much. The same lawn next door to three other accounts could be priced lower and still earn more.

Worked example 2: a 240 square foot paver patio

Again an illustration with example prices. A 12 by 20 foot patio with 6 inches of compacted base, 1 inch of bedding sand, edge restraint, and polymeric sand joints. Volume math: square feet times depth in feet, divided by 27, gives cubic yards.

Paver patio estimate (illustration only)
ItemQuantity and mathExample cost
Base gravel240 x 0.5 / 27 = 4.44 yd, plus 10% waste, order 5 yd at $45$225
Bedding sand240 x 0.083 / 27 = 0.74 yd, order 1 yd at $50$50
Pavers240 sq ft plus 5% cuts = 252 sq ft at $4.50$1,134
Edge restraint64 linear feet at $2$128
Fabric and polymeric sandAllowance$150
Labor3-person crew, 3 days = 72 person-hours at $32 burdened$2,304
EquipmentCompact loader 2 days at $300, compactor $100, saw $80$780
Excavation haul-off and disposalLump sum$250
Direct cost$5,021

Add overhead at an example 20 percent: $5,021 x 1.20 = $6,025.20. Divide by 0.85 for a 15 percent margin: $7,088.47. Quote $7,090, which works out to about $29.54 per square foot. If your past patios came in at a very different number per square foot, look for the reason (access, demolition, soil) before sending the quote.

Production rates are your real price list

Production rates (square feet of pavers laid per person-hour, yards of mulch spread per hour, face feet of wall per day) turn a takeoff into labor hours. Generic rates from a book or a forum will not match your crew. Track hours by task on every install for a season and set your own. Store them in an estimating database and update after each job. Access changes everything: a backyard reachable only through a 36 inch gate can double the hours for base and pavers.

Minimum charges and seasonal services

Set a minimum charge for one-off visits. A small bed cleanup still costs a truck, a trailer, a crew, and the drive, so price it from at least an hour or two of crew time rather than the size of the bed. Seasonal work like aeration, overseeding, and leaf removal is easiest to price as a per-visit add-on to existing maintenance clients, using the same time-based math. Leaf season is the exception: volume swings with the trees and the weather, so many companies quote leaf removal by the crew hour or include a limit on visits and loads.

Markup on materials and plants

Many landscapers add a markup to materials and plants on top of the labor-based price, to cover ordering, pickup, handling, loss, and replacement warranties on plants. If you offer a plant warranty, price the expected replacements in. Whatever approach you take, be consistent, and know the difference between markup and margin.

Mistakes that cost landscapers money

  1. Leaving drive time and loading time out of maintenance prices.
  2. Pricing every lawn at the same flat rate regardless of obstacles, slopes, and beds.
  3. Forgetting disposal fees for excavated soil, old sod, and green waste.
  4. No price increase clause in multi-year maintenance contracts.
  5. Never comparing sold hours to actual hours per property, so losing accounts renew year after year.

Put your estimate in the landscaping estimate template and bill from the landscaping invoice template. For install work, Smart Business Automator's job costing and WIP automation compares estimated and actual hours and materials on every project.

Frequently asked questions

How do I price lawn mowing?

Time the crew on site, add a share of drive time, multiply by burdened labor and equipment cost per hour, then add overhead and profit. Price per visit or spread a season of visits into monthly payments.

How do I price a paver patio?

Take off base, sand, pavers, edging, and joint sand by square foot and cubic yard, estimate labor from your own production rates, add equipment and disposal, then add overhead and a profit margin. Check the result per square foot against past patios.

Should landscapers charge by the hour?

Hourly or time and materials pricing works for cleanups and unclear scopes. Most clients prefer a fixed per-visit or project price, which you build from hours anyway.

How much should landscapers mark up plants?

There is no single right number. Cover purchasing, handling, loss, and any warranty replacements you promise, then apply it consistently. Track plant replacements to see whether your markup covers them.

Written and edited by

Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.

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