Pricing and estimating

How to price remodeling jobs

Price a remodel by estimating every trade and material by cost code, setting realistic allowances and a contingency for hidden conditions, then adding overhead and profit as a margin. Choose fixed price or cost-plus based on how well the scope is defined.

A project engineer in a hardhat and safety vest uses a rugged tablet beside steel wall framing.
Capture field information where the work happens, then route it to the people who need it. AI-generated illustration.

To price a remodeling job, break the scope into cost codes (demo, framing, plumbing, electrical, drywall, tile, cabinets, finishes, cleanup), price each from sub quotes, your own labor hours, and material takeoffs, and add job costs like permits, dumpsters, protection, and supervision. Set allowances for anything the client has not selected, add a contingency for hidden conditions, then add overhead and profit as a margin. Cost per square foot figures are useful only as a sanity check. Two bathrooms of the same size can differ by thousands of dollars depending on what is behind the walls and what the client picks.

Pricing methods remodelers use

  • Fixed price (lump sum). One price for a defined scope, built from a detailed estimate. Clients like the certainty; you carry the risk. Best when plans and selections are mostly complete. See fixed-price contract.
  • Cost-plus. The client pays actual costs plus a fee, either a percentage or a fixed amount. Fits whole-house renovations and jobs with unknown conditions. Requires open books and clean cost tracking. See cost-plus vs fixed price contracts.
  • Design fee then construction price. Design-build firms often charge for design and estimating before giving a final construction price, which filters out tire kickers and pays for the estimating time.
  • Time and materials. For small repair work and change work where scope is unclear. Agree on hourly rates and material markup in writing.

Building the estimate

  1. Walk the job and document everything. Photos, measurements, the age of the home, the panel size, the water heater, signs of past leaks. Note whether the home was built before 1978, because lead-safe work practices under EPA's RRP rule add time and materials.
  2. Write the scope by cost code. Use the same codes you use for job costing, so the estimate becomes the budget.
  3. Get sub quotes for the licensed trades. Give each sub the same written scope so you are comparing the same work.
  4. Estimate self-performed labor in hours, then multiply by your burdened rate. Use your own past jobs for hours.
  5. Take off materials you supply: framing, drywall, trim, tile setting materials, paint.
  6. Set allowances for client selections such as tile, fixtures, vanities, and lighting. Base them on what your typical client actually picks, not the cheapest option. See allowance.
  7. Add job costs: permits, dumpster, portable toilet if needed, floor and dust protection, final cleaning, and project management or supervision hours.
  8. Add contingency for hidden conditions, sized to the age and condition of the house.
  9. Add overhead and profit.

Worked example: a full bathroom remodel

All figures below are examples for illustration, not market prices. Use your own sub quotes and costs. Say a homeowner wants a hall bathroom gutted and rebuilt with a tiled shower, new vanity, toilet, lighting, and fan.

Bathroom remodel estimate (illustration only)
Cost codeBasisExample cost
DemolitionIn-house crew labor$1,200
PlumbingSub quote, rough and finish$4,800
ElectricalSub quote, lighting, fan, GFCI circuits$1,900
Drywall and cement boardMaterial and labor$1,100
Tile labor40 hours at $48 burdened$1,920
Tile and setting materialsAllowance$2,400
Vanity and topAllowance$2,200
Plumbing fixturesAllowance$1,500
Paint and trimMaterial and labor$600
DumpsterHauler quote$550
PermitExample local fee$350
Supervision20 hours at $55$1,100
Direct cost$19,620
  1. Contingency. At an example 5 percent for an older home: $981. Subtotal $20,601.
  2. Overhead. At an example 18 percent: $3,708.18. Total cost $24,309.18.
  3. Profit as margin. For a 12 percent margin, divide by 0.88: $27,624.07. Quote $27,625.
  4. Payment schedule. Split into a deposit and milestone payments tied to real progress (rough-in inspection passed, tile complete, final walk). See how to set residential payment schedules.

If the client upgrades from the tile allowance to a $3,600 selection, the $1,200 difference plus your markup becomes a change order. Spell out in the contract how allowance overages are billed, so it is not a negotiation later. The guide on how to price a bathroom remodel goes deeper on bath-specific line items, and how to price a kitchen remodel covers kitchens.

Overhead, markup, and margin

Remodelers carry heavy overhead relative to job size: sales appointments that do not close, design time, estimating, a showroom or office, vehicles, insurance, and project management. Calculate your overhead rate from last year's books with the overhead rate guide and apply it to every job. Then add profit as a margin. In the example, a 12 percent markup on $24,309.18 would give $27,226.28, a 10.7 percent margin, about $400 short of the target. See markup vs margin in construction.

Unit prices for repeat items

Remodelers rarely price a whole job by the unit, but unit prices speed up the parts that repeat. Common examples are tile installation per square foot by pattern, recessed lights each, added outlets each, drywall patch and finish per square foot, interior doors each, and trim per linear foot. Build each one from your labor hours and material costs, include overhead and profit, and keep them in an estimating database. They make change orders faster too, because a homeowner who wants four more can lights gets a price on the spot instead of a callback next week. Review them every few months against actual job costs.

Pricing change orders

Change orders deserve the same overhead and profit as the base contract, plus any schedule cost. A change that adds two days to a bathroom also adds two days of supervision, dumpster rent, and delay to the next job. Price it, put it in writing, and get a signature before the work. The guide on how to price a change order walks through the math.

Mistakes that hurt remodeling margins

  1. Pricing by cost per square foot from a magazine or a competitor.
  2. Low allowances that make the bid look competitive and the client unhappy later.
  3. No contingency on older homes.
  4. Leaving supervision and project management time out of the estimate.
  5. Discounting the margin to win, then giving away change work for free.

Use the remodeling estimate template to lay out cost codes and allowances, and the remodeling invoice template for draws and change orders. Smart Business Automator's estimate to project handoff automation turns the accepted estimate into the job budget so actual costs are tracked against it from day one.

Frequently asked questions

How do remodelers calculate their price?

They estimate each part of the job by cost code from sub quotes, labor hours, and material takeoffs, add job costs, allowances, and a contingency, then add overhead and profit as a margin.

Is cost-plus or fixed price better for remodeling?

Fixed price works when plans and selections are complete. Cost-plus fits jobs with unknown conditions or evolving scope, as long as you track costs cleanly and share them with the client.

How much contingency should a remodel include?

It depends on the age and condition of the house and how much you could see during the walk-through. Older homes with original plumbing and wiring warrant more. Track how much contingency you actually use to set future amounts.

Should I charge for remodeling estimates?

Many design-build remodelers charge a design or planning fee for detailed estimates, often credited toward the contract. It pays for estimating time and qualifies serious clients.

How do allowances work in a remodeling price?

An allowance is a set amount in the contract for an item the client has not chosen yet. If the final selection costs more, the difference plus your markup is billed as a change; if less, the client gets a credit.

Sources

  1. U.S. EPA: Lead Renovation, Repair and Painting Program rules
Written and edited by

Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.

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