Project management

How to manage RFIs without slowing the job

Keep RFIs from slowing the job by asking early, writing one clear question per RFI with a proposed answer, setting a needed-by date tied to the schedule, tracking every RFI in a single log, and flagging cost or time impact the day the answer comes back.

A superintendent holds a drawing while a foreman points to a framed opening inside a building under construction.
Connect the clarified drawing to the exact location and crew that need it. AI-generated illustration.

A request for information (RFI) is a formal question to the design team when the drawings or specs are unclear, conflicting, or missing something. RFIs slow a job when they are asked late, written vaguely, routed to the wrong person, or left sitting with no due date. To keep them moving, look for questions weeks ahead of the work, write one specific question per RFI with a suggested answer and a sketch or photo, put a needed-by date on it based on the schedule, log it, and follow up before it is late. When an answer changes cost or time, start a change request the same day.

Why RFIs bog down

  • Asked at the last minute. The question comes up when the crew is standing at the wall, so any wait is idle time.
  • No proposed answer. The architect has to design a solution from scratch instead of saying yes to yours.
  • Bundled questions. One RFI with six questions gets answered when the hardest one is answered.
  • Questions already answered in the documents. These erode the design team's patience and push your real questions down the pile.
  • No due date or follow-up. An RFI without a needed-by date gets answered when someone has time.

How to manage RFIs in 7 steps

  1. Agree on the process at kickoff. Who RFIs go to, the format, and a target response time. Record it in the kickoff meeting minutes. Check the contract first; some specify a response period.
  2. Hunt for RFIs early. Have the PM, super, and key subs review upcoming areas three to six weeks before the work. A three-week look-ahead schedule is the natural trigger.
  3. Search the documents first. Check the specs, addenda, earlier RFI answers, and approved submittals. Many questions are answered somewhere already.
  4. Write one question per RFI. Cite the sheet, detail, grid line, and spec section. Attach a marked-up drawing or photo.
  5. Propose an answer. "We propose to lower the duct 4 inches and box it in drywall per sketch SK-3. Please confirm." A yes is faster to give than a design.
  6. Set a needed-by date and mark impact. Base the date on when the work starts, minus lead time. Check a box for possible cost or schedule impact so nobody is surprised later.
  7. Track, chase, and close. Log every RFI. Review open ones at each weekly meeting. When an answer arrives, distribute it to the affected trades, update the drawings, and open a change request if needed.

An RFI is not a change order

This is where contractors lose money. An answer to an RFI may change the work, but the RFI itself does not authorize extra cost or time. The AIA's standard RFI form, G716, says as much: neither the request nor the response provides authorization for work that increases the cost or time of the project. If the answer adds work, submit a change order request and get it approved before you proceed, unless the contract's change procedures say otherwise. See how to get change orders signed before doing the work.

What to track in the RFI log

RFI log columns
ColumnWhy it matters
RFI numberSequential, never reused, so references stay clear
Subject and locationFind related RFIs fast
Date sent and sent toStarts the clock and shows routing
Needed-by dateTies the RFI to the schedule
Ball in courtWho owes the next action
Cost or schedule impact (Y/N/possible)Flags change requests early
Date answered and answer summaryProves response time if there is a delay claim
Related change or drawing revisionCloses the loop

Worked example: one RFI done two ways

Here is an example on a school renovation. The mechanical drawings show a 24 by 14 inch duct crossing a corridor at grid C7, where the structural drawings show a beam with only 10 inches of clearance below the ceiling.

Version one: The duct crew discovers the conflict on the morning of installation. The foreman calls the PM, who emails the architect: "Duct conflict at C7, please advise." The architect forwards it to the mechanical engineer, who asks for a photo. The answer arrives eight working days later. The duct crew moved elsewhere, but the corridor ceiling, sprinkler, and electrical work behind it slipped, and the PM is now trying to recover the schedule.

Version two: Three weeks before the work, the mechanical sub's coordination review catches the clash. The PM sends RFI 31: the location, both sheet references, a section sketch, and a proposal to transition to two 12 by 14 inch ducts under the beam. Needed-by date: 15 working days out. Cost impact: possible. The engineer approves with a minor change in four days. The sub prices the extra fittings at $2,850, the PM submits a change request the same week, and installation starts on schedule.

Same problem, same design team. The difference was timing, clarity, and a proposed answer.

Measuring how well your RFI process works

Two numbers tell you most of what you need. The first is average days from sent to answered, tracked by job and by design firm. The second is how many RFIs were answered late against their needed-by date. Review both monthly. If one architect is consistently slow, raise it early with the owner and keep the log as the record. If your own team is sending many RFIs that the documents already answer, the fix is internal: more time reviewing drawings before asking. Over a few jobs, these numbers also tell estimators which design teams produce complete drawings, which is worth knowing at bid time.

Mistakes to avoid

  • Using RFIs to argue. Keep the tone neutral. The log may be read by a lawyer someday.
  • Sending subs' RFIs straight through unreviewed. The GC should filter, combine duplicates, and check the documents first.
  • Not distributing answers. An answer that sits in the PM's inbox did not reach the field.
  • Proceeding on a verbal answer. Get it in writing, even if it is a one-line email confirming the call.
  • Ignoring response time patterns. If answers routinely come back late, document it and raise it at the owner meeting. It may support a time extension later.

Templates, terms, and tools

Use the RFI template for each request and the RFI log template to track them. Related terms: RFI log, architect's supplemental instructions, field order, and shop drawings.

Smart Business Automator logs every RFI with due dates and ball in court, drafts the question from your notes and markups, and alerts the PM before one goes late. See RFI and submittal tracking automation.

Frequently asked questions

How long does an RFI process take?

There is no single duration for every RFI. The time needed depends on the question, missing inputs, coordination and the project's agreed response procedure. Work backward from the affected activity, record a needed-by date, and flag the schedule consequence before the unanswered question becomes a field stoppage.

How to manage RFIs?

Use a numbered log with the question, document references, responsible responder, submission date, needed-by date and status. Keep one accountable owner for follow-up. After receiving a response, check that it resolves the question and distribute the current information to the affected people before closing the item.

Are RFIs legally binding?

An RFI's effect depends on the contract and the communication. Do not assume a response alone authorizes extra work or changes the contract price or duration. AIA's G716 summary expressly separates requesting or receiving information from authorization for work that increases project cost or time.

Can you give me an example of an RFI in construction?

Illustration: an architectural drawing shows a wall opening in one location, while a coordinated equipment layout requires clearance in the same space. An RFI identifies both document revisions, marks the conflict, asks which detail to use and states when the answer is needed for installation.

How do I reply to an RFI?

Answer the specific question, identify the controlling drawing or detail and state any conditions or additional information needed. Attach the relevant marked-up document when useful. If the response has potential cost, schedule or scope consequences, route those consequences through the project's change process instead of silently treating them as resolved.

How do I submit an RFI?

Check the available drawings, specifications and prior responses first. If the issue remains unresolved, submit a numbered question through the agreed project channel, with precise document references, location, attachments and a needed-by date. Describe the decision required clearly enough that the recipient can respond without reconstructing the problem.

How much does an RFI cost?

There is no universal cost per RFI. To understand the administrative effort on your projects, track preparation, review, coordination and follow-up time separately from any resulting change or delay. An internal estimate can multiply recorded hours by the relevant labor cost; it is not an industry price or an automatic contractual charge.

When would you submit an RFI?

Submit an RFI when necessary information remains missing, ambiguous or conflicting after a reasonable document review. Raise it early enough to support the affected decision. Use the appropriate alternative process for product approval, a proposed substitution or a price change rather than assuming one RFI form covers every purpose.

Sources

  1. AIA Contract Documents: Summary, G716 2004 Request for Information
Written and edited by

Maurice Francois writes and edits construction operations guides for Smart Business Automator. More from Maurice on the Scaling Legends podcast.

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